The Morgan Motor Company is a family-owned British motor car manufacturer founded in 1910 by Henry Frederick Stanley Morgan.
Morgan is based in Malvern Link, a Malvern region, Worcestershire, and employs 177 people. Morgan has stated that they produce more than 1,300 cars per year, all assembled by hand. The waiting list for cars is about six months, and sometimes it's been up to ten years.
Morgan cars are unusual because the wood has been used in their construction for a century, for some early model chassis and still in the 21st century for shells. Visitor center and museum exhibit features about the history of the company from the Edwardian era to the present day, the development of car technology, and the look of the car. There is also a factory tour.
Video Morgan Motor Company
Company history
H.F.S. Morgan left the Great Western Railway in 1904 and set up a motorcycle sales and service garage at Malvern Link. In 1909 he designed and built the car for his own use. He started production a year later and the company prospered. Morgan continued to run it until he died at the age of 77 in 1959.
Peter Morgan, the son of HFS, ran the company for several years before his death in 2003. He was replaced as chairman by Alan Garnett, a non-family director, from 2003 to 2006. Following Garnett's resignation, a four-person management team was established.
Charles Morgan, Peter's son Matthew Parkin, Tim Whitworth, Steve Morris formed a new management team, and in 2010, after Parkin's resignation, Charles Morgan was appointed managing director. In January 2013, Morgan was dismissed as managing director, replaced by Morris, but continued as director of strategy until October 2013 when he was dismissed as both an employee and a member of the board of directors.
In late 2013, shareholders appoint Andrew Duncan, a local lawyer, as chairman. In 2016, he resigned as chairman and director of the company and was replaced as chairman by the new director, Dominic Riley, an experienced chairman.
Maps Morgan Motor Company
Initial car: tricycle and 4-4s
The early cars were two seats or four tricycles, and were therefore considered cyclecars. The tricycle avoids UK taxes on cars classified as motorcycles. Competition from small cars like the original Austin 7 and Morris Minor, with economies and comparable prices and better comfort, make cyclecars less attractive. <3> V-Twin_three-wheelers_ (1911-1939) "> V-Twin three wheels (V-Twin_three-wheelers_ (1911-1939)"> V-Twin three wheels (V-Twin_three-wheelers_ (1911-1939) "> V-Twin_three-wheelers_.281911.E2.80.931939.29">
H.F.S. Morgan's first car design was a single-wheeled lane, made for personal use in 1908, with the help of William Stephenson-Peach, the father of friends, and engineers at Malvern College. Powered by 7H hp engine (5.2 kW; 7.1 PS) Peugeot twin cylinder (from abandoned motorcycle project), the car has a backbone chassis, the idea is maintained for all three-wheeled vehicles, and used as small materials and laborers such as Morgan can manage. A single, three-wheeled seat with independent front suspension springs, unusual at the time, driveshaft ran through the spine tube to a two-speed transmission (without retreat), and a chain drive for each rear wheel. The steering wheel is with a tiller, and it has a brake band. It also has no body.
With the financial help of his father and his wife, the car was put into production on the spot on Pickersleigh Road, Malvern Link, and three single-seaters on display at the 1910 Motor Show at Olympia in London. Despite the great attention shown, only a few orders were taken, and Morgan decided that two seats were needed to meet market demand. It was built in 1911, adding bonnets, windshields, steering wheels, and starting cranks; it was featured in the 1911 Motor Cycle Show. An agency was taken over by Harrod's department store in London, for a sale price of £ 65. Morgan became the only car ever to appear in a shop window at Harrods.
The interest in his journey led him to patent his design and start production. When he first showed his single-seat and two-seat runabout versions at the 1911 Olympic Motor Show, he was confident at the show that there would be greater demand for a two-seat model. The Morgan Motor Company was listed as a private limited company only in 1912 with H.F.S. Morgan as managing director and father, who has invested in his son's business, as his first chairman.
In 1912, Morgan set out to win trophies offered by The Light Car & amp; Cyclecar for the farthest distance within an hour, in Brooklands. One-passenger covers 55 mi (89 km), only to be beaten narrowly by GWK; Morgan returned the same year, reaching nearly 60 mi (97 km).
Morgan built its reputation through competition such as winning the 1913 Cyclecar Grand Prix at Amiens in France, driven by W. G. McMinnies, with an average speed of 42 mph (68 km/h) for a distance of 163 mi (262 km). It became the basis for the 'Grand Prix' 1913-1926 model, which developed the 'Aero' model, and 'Sports'. Morgan himself won a very difficult 'Six-Day ACU Trial' in 1913, in a sidecar class. In the same year, the company entered the MCC reliability test, which continued until 1975.
The success of racing led to the company's demand proved unable to be met.
These models use variations of air-cooled or liquid-cooled motorcycle engines. The engine is placed in front of the front axle in the chassis made of steel tubes tied to the cast lugs.
After the First World War, the company introduced a revampable rear wheel, which customers have been searching for for several years. The 1921 Popular, powered by 8Ã, hp (6.0Ã, kW; 8.1Ã, PS) JAP and stature in poplar, sells for Ã,  £ 150. That is sales success, the price drops to Ã,  £ 128, and the name changed to Standard, in 1923, when the Blackburne machine was also available. The Grand Prix is ​​priced at £ 155, and the Family (with two child seats behind the front bench, setting the standard 2 2s will follow the generation) is Ã,  £ 148 (air-cooled engine) or Ã, 158 (water cooling machine). The Aero supported Anzani is also available, for  £ 148. The MAG engine is also optional.
Morgan's racing effort suffered a blow in 1924, when a JAP-engined car E. B. Ware rolled over at JCC 200 million (320 km) in Brooklands; Ware was badly injured, which led to the ban of three-wheeled vehicles as cars.
The electric headlights were made available in 1924, at a cost of Ã,  £ 8. The Popular, powered by a 976 cc (59.6 cuÃ, in) engine, sold for Ã,  £ 110, 1,098Ã, cc (67Ã,  ° C) Aero for Ã,  £ 148, and one-seater Ã,  £ 160.
Like a motorcycle, Morgans has a hand throttle, a Bowden-wire control mechanism, and lubrication drops.
Racing Morgans includes the Harold Beart's 1,096 cc (66.9 cuÃ, in) special-engined Blackburne, with 3.33: 1 upper gear and a slender 43lb (20kg) body, which covers 91.48 mi (147.22 km ) in a one-hour trial at Brooklands, with a top speed of over 100 mph (160 km/h).
In 1925, Standard prices dropped to Ã, Â £ 95, and Aero Ã, Â £ 130, compared Ã, Ã, Â £ 149 to Austin Chummy. Electrical illumination by the dynamo became the standard that year.
Front-wheel and electric start brakes (option Ã, Â £ 10) became available in 1927, while Standard prices dropped to Ã, Â £ 89, complete with double-thickness windshield and "electric hooter". By the end of the year, the Standard was even cheaper, Ã, Â £ 85, while the new Super Sport debuted, with a JAP 10/40 air-cooled vee-twin overhead valve, priced Ã, Â £ 155. The 10/40 machine also available at Aero, at Ã, Â £ 132, while Aero Aero's more air-cooled air conditioner went for Ã, Â £ 119. The family was priced Ã, 102 pounds (air-cooled) or Ã, Â £ 112 (water-cooled). These new lower prices lasted until 1928. They will remain lower in 1929: Standards and Families at £ 87 10, Aero Ã, Â £ 110, and Super Sports Ã, Â £ 145. In 1933, the Family given the price of only Ã, Â £ 80.
The Morgan racing program in 1927 earned a gold medal of eleven marques and three silver from fourteen participants at the MCC London-Edinburgh Trials course. The team joins Clive Lones and CT Jay, who won the 1929 Cyclecar Grand Prix at Brooklands, drove 750Ã, cc (46Ã, cuÃ, in) Morgan-JAP, with an average speed of 64.7 mph (104.1 km/h). And in 1930, Gwenda Stewart changed in speed 113 mph (182 km/h) in Super Sport tuned.
Morgan three-wheel vehicles benefit from an annual tax of £ 4, half of the Austin 7 price, provided they stay below 8 cwt.
Morgans was also built in France by Darmont.
However, in 1930, cheap four-wheeled cars breed, led by Ford Ford £ 100. Morgan, and his partner George Goodall, responded by placing 8 hp (6.0 kW; 8.1 PS) 933 cc (56.9 cuÃ, in) and 10 hp (7.5 kW, 10 PS) 1,172 cc (71.5 cuÃ, in) Ford engines in their own cars.
Morgan's last twe-twins are powered by a Matchless engine that shifts 990 cc (60 cuÃ, in); they were sent to Australia after the Second World War.
The vee-twin model was not returned to production after World War II.
The Morgan Club was re-established in 1927.
The three-wheel F series ( 1932-1952)
Morgan F-4 was introduced in 1933 at the Olympia Motor Cycle Show. The F-4 features a new four-sided Ford Sidevalve engine four-side press chassis used in Model Y, and a four-seater body. The F-4 was fitted with two F-2 seats in 1935 and the Super F was more sporty, with bike-wing and bonnet louvred tops, in 1937. Ford's three-wheeled production continued until 1952.
4-4
Morgan's first four-wheeler, named after 4-4 for having a four-cylinder and four-wheeled engine, was released to the public in 1935. Powered by 34 hp (68 kW, 34 PS) of Coventry Climax, and carrying a pair of spare wheels mounted on the rear, 4-4 new seats sold for 185 guineas (Ã, Â £ 194 5s). It proved popular, and the four-place model was added in 1937, joining the drophead Ã, Â £ 236 in 1938.
Coventry Climax finally stopped making the engine available, so Morgan switched to 1,267Ã,® cc (77.3 cuÃ, in) The Standard Motor Company Ten, generating 39 hp (29 kW, 40 PS).
In 1938, 4-4 were included in Le Mans. This led to the production of factory replicas, with folding windshields, bicycle fenders, small-displacement machines, & amp; single spare wheel, at a price of Ã, Â £ 250.
Production was stopped during World War II but continued thereafter as 4/4. Production stopped again in 1950 when engine supply dried up, but continued in 1955 when a suitable replacement, 2,088 (127.4 cuÃ, in) of the four inline Vanguard Standard, was discovered, and has continued ever since.
Postwar car
Morgan 4
Morgan 4 was introduced in 1950 as a larger-engined car ("plus") rather than 4-4. The 4 initially used 2.088Ã, cc (127.4 cuÃ, in) Vanguard Standard engine (while 4-4 had used the Special Standard 1.267Ã, cc (77.3 cuÃ, in)), and when the introduction was sold for Ã,  £ 625 (two seats) or Ã,  £ 723 (coupÃÆ' ©  ©).
Machine 4 uses Triumph TR2 (in 1953), TR3 (1956), or TR4A (up to 1969). Plus 4 production was discontinued in 1969 but brought back in 1985 with a Fiat engine (1985-1988) and then a 4-cylinder Rover engine (1988-2000). Production was again suspended and Plus 4 returned again in 2004 with 155Ã, bhp (116 kW; 157 PS) Ford 4-cylinder.
Morgan_.2B4.2B Morgan 4
Versions of 4, 4, were made from 1964 to 1967 with a contemporary fiberglass coupe body. The light weight and reduced drag characteristics improve the performance of 4 over regular 4 in every aspect. However, traditional Morgan fans do not accept this departure from the Morgan habit, and mainstream fans do not embrace the seemingly ancient 4th chassis. Only 50 built.
The limited edition Plus 4 was reintroduced in 2014 as Super Sports Plus 4. Only 60 cars are available and every car will be ridden properly.
Morgan 4/4
The 4/4 returned to production in 1955 when a suitable engine was sourced. 4/4 now uses chassis 8 and Ford engines.
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Morgan 8Faced with the reduced availability of large four-cylinder engines for use in their 4 models, Morgan began installing the recently available Rover V8 engine in their car in 1968, giving these cars the designation of the "8" model.
Engine displacement jumped from a 2.3 liter Triumph TR4 engine to 3.5 liters, then 3.9 liters (1990), 4.0 (1998-2004) with optional 4.6L (1996-2000) all based on the same Land Rover block. However, the V-8 is nothing more than a Victory. These features make the 8 accelerate much faster than the start 4 and also improve the road control capability.
Horsepower (143-204 bhp), weight and performance vary with emissions and structural laws through its history. In its final form, the GEMS Land Rover V8 produces 190 hp (140 kW). Thus powered, the car can accelerate from 0-60 mph in 5.6 seconds.
Roadster
In 2004, Morgan came out with a traditional-style model to replace the existing Plus. Mk I Roadsters with Ford UK Mondeo V6 produces 223 bhp (166 kW, 226 PS) at 6150 rev/min. It has a Getrag gearbox with direct drive at 5 with axle ratio of 3.08. Then Marks has a Ford gearbox with direct drive in the 4th with axle ratio of 3.73. The overall gearing is almost the same. The Roadsters are then powered by Ford England Mondeo V6 producing 204 bhp (152 kW, 207 PS). In 2007, the Mondeo engine was replaced by a US specification version of the same engine in the Roadster II. In 2011-12, the engine was replaced with a Duratec Cyclone 3.7 engine and the output increased to 280 bhp (209 kW; 284 PS). The company calls this latest model Roadster 3.7.
Morgan_Aero_8_.28Series_I-V.29 "> In 2000, Morgan Aero 8 was introduced and, as usual, the substructure of the wooden body was ash. (Contrary to popular myth, however, the chassis is metal, aluminum for Aero 8.) Aero 8, with a BMW V8 engine in a car that weighs less than BMW Z4 and much less than BMW M3, (though more than the traditional Morgans) even more faster than Plus 8, delivering what's called the Autoweek magazine as a supercar show. The latest Aero 8 (V series), presented in March 2015, puts 367 hp (274 kW) at 6100 rpm with the company suggesting a top speed of more than 170 mph (270 km/h). Because the Aero 8's light weight can be done 0-62 mph (100 km/h) in 4.5 seconds.
During the production period of the customer (2002-2009), Aero is configured in five official versions, (I, II, III, IV, Aero America, and V) with light variations in style, engine, transmission, braking and suspension. The company canceled the model in 2009 but was relaunched in 2015 for delivery in 2016. The highest production year for any Aero variation was in 2002.
Morgan AeroMax
Aero is followed by Aeromax, a limited edition of 100 units produced between 2008 and early 2010. Aeromax is a variation of the Aero 8 coupe. Customers have included Richard Hammond, Rowan Atkinson and Paul O'Grady.
Morgan Aero SuperSports
The Morgan Aero SuperSports is a targa-coated AeroMax version, shared tied aluminum chassis and bottom bodywork with a coupe. Launched at the 2009 Pebble Beach car show in California. The cancellation was announced in March 2015.
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Morgan Aero CoupÃÆ' ©The Morgan Aero Coupà ©  © is the loud top version of Aero SuperSports, sharing a bonded aluminum chassis, bodywork, suspension, and engine. Launched in late 2011. It is not available in the United States. The cancellation was announced in March 2015.
Morgan Aero Plus 8
The new Morgan Plus 8 is a classic body version of Aero SuperSports and Aero Coupà ©  ©, sharing their bonded aluminum chassis, bodywork, suspension, and engine. Launched in late 2011. It is not available in the United States.
Morgan Plus E
Morgan Plus E is an electrical version of the classic Morgan, a joint project with Morgan with Zytek and Radshape (Radshape Sheet Metal Ltd.), funded by the British government. It was shown at the Geneva Motor Show 2012.
Morgan Eva GT
Based on the same chassis with Aero Supersports, Eva GT will be 2 2 grand tourer, and therefore will be longer in the body. The Eva GT will use the BMW N54 twin-turbo straight-6 producing 302 bhp, Euro-6 emission compliant. Shown at Pebble Beach on clay in 2010 and is expected to go on sale in 2012, deposits have been taken since 2010. By the end of 2011, Morgan announced that it will use new magnesium technology for the body and therefore will not return. presented until 2014 with delivery thereafter. In 2013 dealers confirmed that EvaGT has been canceled.
Morgan 3-Wheeler
The Morgan Motor Company announced that it will launch "Wheeler 3" in 2011 at the Geneva Motor Show. The Wheeler 3 was originally said to have Harley-Davidson Screaming Eagle V-twin engine and Mazda 5-speed manual transmission, and is expected to deliver 115 hp (86 kW) on the rear wheels. However, the prototype shown in Geneva has an S & amp; S. The production of three-wheeled vehicles turned out to have an S & amp; S. Weight curb was initially estimated to be less than 500 kg (1.102 Â £), but the final weight was tested at 550 kg (1,213 Â £). Acceleration from zero to 60 mph (97 km/h) is estimated by Morgan as 4.5 seconds, with a (estimated) top speed of 115 mph (185 km/h). The tricycle must be homologized as a motorcycle in the United States. The company claims that 850 deposits have been taken since the announcement in 2011. Customer shipments began in Europe in February 2012. US shipments are not expected before June 2012, when the first three-wheeled vehicle imports were shown in New York City and in Greenwich. Concours d'Elegance. The Morgan 3 Wheeler is featured in the 18th episode of British automotive show Top Gear where presenter Richard Hammond chose Morgan 3 Wheeler in comparison to the track-day car. The 3Ã, Wheeler won "Not-A-Car of the Year 2011" in Top Gear magazine.
Availability in United States
For parts of the 1950s and 1960s, the United States provides companies with the largest markets worldwide, taking up 85% of all production. This ended with the first wave of US safety and emissions regulations in 1971. Over the years (1974 to 1992), all Moros imported into the United States were converted to use propane as fuel to meet US emissions regulations. However, this conversion, along with bringing the car into compliance with the US vehicle safety legislation, is carried out by dealers, and not by factories, makes gray car market vehicles.
However, when Rover Group re-certified their V8 engine for use in the 4x4 Range Rover sold in the US, Morgan was able to use the same engine for Morgan fully meeting the US from 1992 to 1996, and again from 1998 to 2004. In 2005 , the engine was replaced with a US version of another traditionally shaped model (with a V6), called the Roadster.
In 2002, Morgan centralized the development of international compliance and interaction of its arrangements within the company. In 2005, his right to import his classic model ceased when the required airbag supply was exhausted and no replacements were developed. In 2006, demand for airbag exemption to the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration was rejected, and the classic Morgans import ceased.
In 2005, the new model Morgan Aero 8 (versions 2 and 3) received a three-year release of rear impact non-compliance, along with separate exceptions for compliance with "advanced airbag requirements". The impact-back exceptions ended in May 2008 without further application. Morgan has indicated to US dealers that it plans to re-apply for US certification for some models at a time not yet determined in the future.
In April 2012, Morgan 3 Wheeler was featured at the New York International Auto Show, at Jacob Javits Center, by Bobby Singh and Gideon Lang-Laddie from Manhattan Motorsports. This is the first time in 10 years that Morgan has been present at America's largest auto show and is the first US specification of Morgan 3 Wheeler in the United States. The Morgan 3 Wheeler was selected as one of the "Hottest Cars Of The Show" by G4TV.
In May 2012, Manhattan Motorsports took delivery of the edition of Superdry Charles Morgan Morgan 3 Wheeler and prepared it for America's first major trial. The vehicle was driven across the United States, from New York to Los Angeles by Charles Morgan and his wife, which covered 3000 miles, at Gumball 3000. At the end of a seven-day trip, Morgan 3 Wheeler was awarded the "Gumball" Gifts "gift.
General characteristics
Regardless of their traditional design, the Morgans always have sports performance or "sports car", because of their very low weight.
Among their fans, the Morgans are known as "Moggies".
Suspension
H.F.S. Morgan's 1909 Runabout uses a sliding pillar suspension, an independent front suspension system with each front wheel mounted on the stub's shaft capable of shifting up and down the fixed pillar which also acts as a kingpin and is supported by an external damper and shock absorber. One advantage is to reduce unsprung weight, theoretically allowing tires and wheels to respond better to the unevenness of road surfaces. The Morgan system is described as an 'upside-down' shear pillar, because the fixed pillars and hub carriers are sliding over it. The previous system had a wheel carried on a pillar, sliding through a bush on its axis.
Morgan uses the development of this suspension system throughout its existence and is still used on Morgan's "classic" line, though not on Aero 8 or its derivatives.
Model
- 1909 Runabout
- 1911-1939 V-Twin 3-wheeler
- 1932-1952 F-Series 3-wheeler
- Since 1936 4/4 Two-Seater and Four-Seater
- 1950-1969 Plus 4
- 1964-1967 Plus 4 Plus
- 1968-2004 (and 2012-) Plus 8
- 1985-2000 Plus 4
- 2001-2009 Aero 8
- 2004-2012 V6 Roadster
- Since 2005 Plus 4
- 2006-pending Morgan LIFEcar
- 2008-2009 AeroMax
- Since 2009 Morgan 4/4 Sport
- 2010-2015 Aero SuperSports
- 2010-canceled Morgan Eva GT
- 2011-canceled Morgan Plus E
- 2011-2012 Morgan Plus 4 Supersports
- Anniversary Morgan 2011-present 4/4
- 2012-2015 Aero Coupe
- 2012-present Morgan 3-Wheeler
- 2012-present Morgan Aero Plus 8
- Roadster 3.7-now 3.7
- 2015-now Morgan Aero 8
- 2018 Morgan EV3
Motorports
Morgan cars can be found in many areas of motorsport, from clubs and historic racing to more prominent examples, including Le Mans 24 hour race. A famous Morgan racing car is an Aero 8 GT car that campaigns at Britcar 2008 and Britcar 24 hours at Silverstone, prepared and run by Mark Bailey Racing.
Pescarolo Sport recruited Le Mans Prototype as Morgan for 24 Hours of Le Mans 2012, partly to mark the 50th anniversary of the class victory for Morgan Plus Four Super Sports at Le Mans.
In popular culture
- Morgans GoMoG in Movies
- Sir John Harvey Jones famously visited the company in the documentary series BBC 1990s Troubleshooter where he advised the company to modernize. The company rejected the suggestion but made other changes to the process.
See also
- List of car manufacturers from the United Kingdom
- Motorcycle wheel list
References
External links
- The Morgan Motor Company
- Morgan Motor Company Visitors and Museums Center
- GoMoG Workshop Guide
- Morganatica - Source Technical Manual For Morgan Motor Cars
- Morgan's History Site Site
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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